La contaminación atmosféricaEl ambiente es un sistema abierto en contacto con la superficie del planeta con dimensiones muy considerables. Todas
las fuentes de contaminación del aire que liberan contaminantes a la
atmósfera, si las partículas o gases, parte de las emisiones a la
atmósfera procedentes de diferentes fuentes emisoras de contaminantes a
la atmosphera .El viento, la turbulencia en el aire, la lluvia, el
relieve geográfico claramente implicados en la distribución, dispersión o concentración de contaminantes. Las consecuencias para los científicos de la contaminación atmosférica estimados del Grupo Intergubernamental de ExpertosCambio
Climático son: - aumento de la temperatura promedio de 1 a 3,6 grados
centígrados en el próximo siglo - la desertificación en algunas zonas
del planeta - la disminución de la capa de ozono - la lluvia ácida -
lluvias torrenciales en otras áreas - el aumento del nivel del mar de
entre 15 y 94 cm, inundaciones densamente pobladas áreas hoy - la difusión de ciertas enfermedades tropicales en zonas templadas de hoy.La
atmósfera que rodea nuestro planeta, hay una serie de gases
(principalmente vapor de agua y dióxido de carbono) que tienen un efecto
invernadero, es decir, la absorción y re-emisión de radiación
infrarroja, evitando parte de este escape de la tierra, y contribuyendo a
la temperatura media de la superficie del aire del planeta es de aproximadamente 15 ° C, una temperatura adecuada para la vida. Por tanto, el efecto invernadero es un fenómeno natural de la atmósfera. El
problema actual es que muchos de estos gases de efecto invernadero
naturales en la atmósfera ha aumentado y que han dado lugar a más gases
de efecto invernadero no hacer presente de forma natural en la
atmósfera. Este cambio pone en peligro lacomposición, resistencia y productividad de los ecosistemas naturales. Efectos :, exterior de la capa de ozono: el mismo efecto en la atmósfera, el efecto global a largo plazo. - El smog fotoquímico; efecto local en el corto plazo. - Lluvia acida; efecto local en el corto plazo. - Efecto Callendar - Calentamiento GlobalLa lluvia ácida es un fenómeno consistente con la lluvia caída de los niveles de pH más bajos de lo normal. Elloprincipalmente
debido a la reacción del agua con los productos de azufre y nitrógeno
molecular incurrido durante la combustión, tales como NO2 óxido nitroso,
óxido nítrico NO3 o dióxido de azufre SO2 que cuando se combina con
agua generan HNO2 ácido nitroso, ácido nítrico HNO3 y H2SO4 ácido
sulfúrico. Las
causas de la lluvia ácida son el dióxido de azufre (SO2) y los óxidos
de nitrógeno (N2O3 y N2O5) que se genera por la combustión de
combustibles fósiles, y en combinación con la humedad y producir gotas
de agua de lluvia de ácido sulfúrico (H2SO4) y ácido nítrico (HNO3) quema
de hojas y vegetación que afecta básicamente ecosistemas vegetales,
como los bosques, pero también puede afectar a los lagos y embalses. La lluvia ácida puede tener efectos nocivos en plantas, animales y edificios. Causa • la corrosión del metal en las estructuras metálicas tales como puentes o erosiones en edificios de piedra. También
quema las hojas de las plantas y vegetales que afecta básicamente
ecosistemas, como los bosques, pero también puede afectar a los lagos y
embalses efectos de la lluvia contaminada .El-acidificación puede
convertir un frondoso bosque un cementerio de troncos muertos. Óxidos
de dióxido de azufre y de nitrógeno que caen en forma de lluvia, se
asentaron en las hojas de las plantas y actuar como pases de perforación
de ácido y matando las plantas, árboles, flores ...
ContaminacionContaminacion
martes, 20 de octubre de 2015
viernes, 9 de octubre de 2015
Contamination Atmospheric
The atmosphere is an open system in contact with the surface of the planet with very considerable dimensions. All air pollution sources that release pollutants into the atmosphere, whether particles or gases, starts from the air emissions from different sources emitting pollutants into the atmosphera .The wind, Turbulence in the air, the rain, the relief geographical clearly involved in the distribution, dispersion or concentration of pollutants. The consequences for the estimated air pollution scientists of the Intergovernmental Panel
Climate Change are: - average temperature increase of 1 to 3.6 degrees Celsius in the next century - desertification in certain areas of the planet - diminution of ozone - acid rain - torrential rains in other areas - rising sea levels between 15 and 94 cm, flooding densely populated areas today - dissemination of certain tropical diseases in temperate zones today.
The atmosphere that surrounds our planet, there are a number of gases (mainly water vapor and carbon dioxide) having a greenhouse effect, that is, absorbing and re-emitting infrared radiation, preventing part of this escape from the earth, and contributing to the average temperature of the air surface of the planet is about 15º C, a temperature suitable for life. The greenhouse effect is therefore a natural phenomenon of the atmosphere. The current problem is that many of these natural greenhouse gases in the atmosphere has increased and that have led to more greenhouse gases do not naturally present in the atmosphere. This change threatens the
composition, resilience and productivity of natural ecosystems. Effects:, outside of the ozone layer: the same effect on atmosphere, global long-term effect. - Photochemical smog; local effect in the short term. - Acid rain; local effect in the short term. - Callendar Effect - Global Warming
Acid rain is a phenomenon consistent with rain falling pH levels lower than normal. It
mainly due to the reaction of water with the products of sulphur and nitrogen molecular incurred during combustion, such as nitrous oxide NO2, NO3 nitric oxide or sulphur dioxide SO2 which when combined with water generate nitrous acid HNO2, HNO3 nitric acid and sulphuric acid H2SO4. The causes of acid rain are sulphur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen oxides (N2O3 and N2O5) that is generated by the combustion of fossil fuels, and in combination with moisture and produce rain water droplets sulphuric acid (H2SO4) and nitric acid (HNO3) burning leaves and vegetation that basically affects plant ecosystems, such as forests, but also may affect lakes and reservoirs. Acid rain can have harmful effects on plants, animals and buildings. Cause • Metal corrosion in metal structures such as bridges or erosions in stone buildings. It also burns the leaves of the plants and vegetables that basically affects ecosystems, such as forests, but also may affect lakes and reservoirs .The-acidifying effects of polluted rain can turn a lush forest a cemetery of dead trunks. Sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxides that fall as rain, settled on the leaves of plants and act as an acid piercing passes and killing the plants, trees, flowers ...
The ozone depletion is an effect of air pollution on Earth which consists of a reduction of ozone in the stratosphere (upper layer of the atmosphere) supposedly due to emission into the air of those substances that react and decrease ozone.
The most accurate theory until now is that the ozone depletion in the stratosphere is due to increased chlorine in the atmosphere, combined with ozone and destroys. The ozone layer protects the plants and living organisms on the planet of the solar UV radiation, therefore, its reduction can cause damage to the planet.
Climate Change are: - average temperature increase of 1 to 3.6 degrees Celsius in the next century - desertification in certain areas of the planet - diminution of ozone - acid rain - torrential rains in other areas - rising sea levels between 15 and 94 cm, flooding densely populated areas today - dissemination of certain tropical diseases in temperate zones today.
The atmosphere that surrounds our planet, there are a number of gases (mainly water vapor and carbon dioxide) having a greenhouse effect, that is, absorbing and re-emitting infrared radiation, preventing part of this escape from the earth, and contributing to the average temperature of the air surface of the planet is about 15º C, a temperature suitable for life. The greenhouse effect is therefore a natural phenomenon of the atmosphere. The current problem is that many of these natural greenhouse gases in the atmosphere has increased and that have led to more greenhouse gases do not naturally present in the atmosphere. This change threatens the
composition, resilience and productivity of natural ecosystems. Effects:, outside of the ozone layer: the same effect on atmosphere, global long-term effect. - Photochemical smog; local effect in the short term. - Acid rain; local effect in the short term. - Callendar Effect - Global Warming
Acid rain is a phenomenon consistent with rain falling pH levels lower than normal. It
mainly due to the reaction of water with the products of sulphur and nitrogen molecular incurred during combustion, such as nitrous oxide NO2, NO3 nitric oxide or sulphur dioxide SO2 which when combined with water generate nitrous acid HNO2, HNO3 nitric acid and sulphuric acid H2SO4. The causes of acid rain are sulphur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen oxides (N2O3 and N2O5) that is generated by the combustion of fossil fuels, and in combination with moisture and produce rain water droplets sulphuric acid (H2SO4) and nitric acid (HNO3) burning leaves and vegetation that basically affects plant ecosystems, such as forests, but also may affect lakes and reservoirs. Acid rain can have harmful effects on plants, animals and buildings. Cause • Metal corrosion in metal structures such as bridges or erosions in stone buildings. It also burns the leaves of the plants and vegetables that basically affects ecosystems, such as forests, but also may affect lakes and reservoirs .The-acidifying effects of polluted rain can turn a lush forest a cemetery of dead trunks. Sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxides that fall as rain, settled on the leaves of plants and act as an acid piercing passes and killing the plants, trees, flowers ...
The ozone depletion is an effect of air pollution on Earth which consists of a reduction of ozone in the stratosphere (upper layer of the atmosphere) supposedly due to emission into the air of those substances that react and decrease ozone.
The most accurate theory until now is that the ozone depletion in the stratosphere is due to increased chlorine in the atmosphere, combined with ozone and destroys. The ozone layer protects the plants and living organisms on the planet of the solar UV radiation, therefore, its reduction can cause damage to the planet.
Introducció...(Química)
La química es l'estudi de la composició, estructura i propietats de les substancies materials, de les seves interaccions i els efectes produïts sobre aquestes al introduir o extraure energia. Des dels primers temps, els essers humans han observat la transformació de les substancies: la carn cuinant, la fusta cremant, el gel desferressin i han especulat sobre les seves causes. Seguint la historia d'aquestes observacions i especulacions, es pot reconstruir l'evolució gradual de les idees i conceptes que han culminat en la química moderna.
MOLTES GRACIES, I FINS ACI LA INTRODUCCIÓ.
Un laboratori químic en el segle XVIII
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